nsitive and finely tuned nature of living systems.
Even staunch evolutionary biologists now concede that the smallest deviation in copper levels can cause severe pathology. This implies that the system had to be fully functional and perfectly calibrated from the very beginning; it could not have arisen gradually through random, stepwise mutations.
The scientific literature describing these mechanisms never mentions “evolution.” It simply documents extraordinarily complex and precise systems in which even minute disturbances (in copper concentration or mitochondrial performance) can result in cell death or disease. This is exactly the kind of irreducibly complex system demanded by the Intelligent Design theory: systems that cannot possibly have emerged gradually and must have been fully designed from the outset.
Imagine, for a moment, that the universe truly arose by blind chance and had no creator. Long before mitochondria could “evolve” the ability to precisely regulate intracellular copper, every human would have died from copper toxicity, rendering reproduction and survival impossible. The human body is fragile yet filled with countless intricately balanced mechanisms, and the slightest deviation in any critical parameter can cause total collapse. Yet we exist. This undeniable fact proves that the universe has an all-powerful Creator who, with infinite wisdom and power, continually sustains every detail of existence.
As Allah, the Exalted, states in the Qur’an:
Surah Al-Furqan (25:2) He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and who has not taken a son and has not had a partner in dominion and has created each thing and determined it with [precise] determination. (Translation source: https://quranenc.com/en/sura-25#2)
Surah Al-Infitar (82:6-7) O mankind, what has deceived you concerning your Lord, the Noble, Who created you and proportioned you and balanced you. (Translation source: https://quranenc.com/en/sura-82#6-7)

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